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Work-Related Diseases
Find information on occupational work-related diseases including diseases, category and group, synonyms, severity, latency, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments and options.
Organophosphate & carbamates, acute
Occupational Disease Organophosphate & carbamates, acute
Organophosphate & carbamates, acute Category Acute Poison
Organophosphate & carbamates, acute Severity Acute-Severe
Organophosphate & carbamates, acute Synonyms Itai-itai disease
Information on Organophosphate & carbamates, acute Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Screening and Imaging The organophosphate and N-methyl carbamate insecticides cause accumulation of acetylcholine at nerve endings by poisoning the acetycholinesterase enzyme. In carbamate poisoning, the inhibition of the enzyme is rapidly reversible, and the workers are often improved by the time of arrival at the clinic or emergency room. Organophosphates (OPs) can irreversibly bind to the enzyme so that normal enzyme activity can only be restored after the cells synthesize new acetylcholinesterase. This process takes up to 60 days. Irreversible binding of OPs to the enzyme can be prevented by initiating treatment immediately after poisoning. The primary route of occupational exposure is through the skin. Routine biological monitoring of field workers and pesticide applicators exposed to OPs can be accomplished by periodic measurement of plasma and red blood cell acetylcholinesterase levels. Removal from exposure is recommended if enzyme activity drops below 70-75% of baseline. Patients with OP or carbamate poisoning present with the following symptoms:
Organophosphate & carbamates, acute Latency None
Organophosphate & carbamates, acute References http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/cadmium/index.html
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