Translator
Category Archives: Infections
Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases
World’s Deadliest Infectious Diseases (WHO, 1997)
Acute respiratory infections, pneumonia
Caused by bacteria and viruses. Around 4-5 million deaths a year.
Diarrhea
Patient usually die from fluid loss and dehydration. Caused by bacteria and viruses. Around 3 million deaths per year.
Tuberculosis
Caused by an indolent and slow growing bacterium. Causes around 3 million deaths per year. Tuberculosis can infect almost any organ in the human body and is very difficult to diagnose and pick up.
Malaria
Caused by a parasitic protozoa. Around 1-2 million deaths per year.
Hepatitis B
Caused by a virus. Around 1 million deaths a year.
Measles
Caused by a virus. Around 1 million deaths a year.
Infection
Human Infections
Organisms that cause Human Infections and Diseases
Bacteria (by far the greatest cause along with viruses)
Viruses
Fungi
Protozoa (single celled parasite)
Helminths (worms)
Prions (infectious proteins with no nucleic acids; very difficult to degrade and denature)
Characteristics of Infectious Agents and Infectious Organisms.
| Bacteria | Virus | Fungi | Protozoa | |
| Size (nm) (approximately) | 1,000 | 200 | 20,000 | 20,000 |
| Nucleic acids | DNA and RNA | DNA or RNA | DNA and RNA | DNA and RNA |
| Cell type | Prokaryote | N/A | Eukaryote | Eukaryote |
| Intracellular obligate | No but often yes | Yes | No | No |
| Can culture on artificial media? | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Eukaryotes have a nuclear membrane.
Helminths are complete organisms and are multicellular.
Posted in Infections
Tagged , Bacteria, diseases, fungi, helminths, human infections, infection, Infections, prions, protozoa, viruses
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Gastrointestinal Diseases in HIV
Gastrointestinal Diseases in HIV
Infections
-adenovirus
-CMV
-coccidiosis
-cryptosporidiosis
-intestinal spirochetosis
-anorectal syphilis
Cancer: Dysplasia and Malignancy
-anal condylomata
-anal intraepithelial neoplasia
-squamous cell carcinoma of the anus
-lymphoid neoplasms
-Kaposi s sarcoma
AIDS Enterocolopathy
- consists of Graft versus Host like changes associated with chronic diarrhea in AIDS patients, in the absence of demonstrable infections
-increased apoptotic enterocytes and decreased number of mitotic figures that would be appropriate for the extent of mucosal injury seen
Posted in GI, Infections
Tagged , AIDS enterocolopathy, diseases, gastrointestinal, GI
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