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Category Archives: Esophagus
Esophagus Congenital Abnormalities
Esophagus Congenital Abnormalities
Tracheoesophageal fistula, atresia
- 5 different types
-associated with VACTERL (vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, cardiac abnormalities, treacheoesophageal fistula, renal agenesis, limb deformaties)
Esophagus Webs and Esophagus Rings
- webs (upper) semi-circumferential
- rings (lower)
Stenosis
Heterotopia
- gastric mucosa
- pancreatic tissue
- sebaceous tissue
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Tagged , Congenital Abnormalities, Esophagus, Esophagus Congenital Abnormalities, Esophagus Rings, Esophagus Webs, Heterotopia, Tracheoesophageal, Tracheoesophageal atresia, Tracheoesophageal fistula
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Esophagus Squamous Papilloma
Esophagus Squamous Papilloma
Clinical presentation:
- men 40 plus years old
Causes:
- human papilloma virus HPV (50%), esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagus
Gross appearance:
- small sessile masses
Histology:
- thick squamous epithelium over fibrovascular stalks
- koilocytosis, parakeratosis
Differential diagnosis:
- verrucous carcinoma (papillary, bland, but larger masses)
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Tagged , Esophageal Squamous Papilloma, Esophagus Squamous Papilloma, hpv, human papilloma virus, Papilloma, Squamous papilloma, Verrucous Carcinoma
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Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp
Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp
Microscopy:
- submucosal fibroblasts and blood vessels
- fibrous or myxoid background
- eosinophils ++ and other inflammatory cells
Immunohistochemistry:
- CD34 +
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Tagged , Inflammatory fibroid polyp, Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp Immunohistochemistry
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Esophagus Granular Cell Tumor
Esophagus Granular Cell Tumor
- most common location in the GI tract is the esophagus
Immunohistochemistry:
- S100, CD68, inhibin, calretinin
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Tagged , Esophageal granular cell tumor, Esophagus Granular Cell Tumor, Granular cell tumor, Granular Cell Tumor Immunohistochemistry
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Esophagus Adenocarcinoma
Esophagus Adenocarcinoma
Risk factors:
- alcohol, smoking, Barrett’s esophagus
Prognosis:
- depth of invasion, positive lymph nodes, resection margins
Gross appearance:
- distal, flat
Microscopy:
- moderately to well differentiated
- mucin production (intestinal type)
- adjacent Barrett’s mucosa with high grade dysplasia
- may be from ectopic gastric mucosa
Immunohistochemistry:
- CK7+
- CK20-
Special stains:
- PAS, Alcian blue (for mucin)
Intramucosal carcinoma:
- invasion into lamina propria only
- T1 stage as lamina propria in esophagus contains lymphatics and tumor has metastatic potential
Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Risk factors:
- alcohol, smoking, Asian, betel nuts
Prognosis:
- depth of invasion, positive lymph nodes
Gross appearance:
- distal esophagus, ulceration, plaque or exophytic
Microscopy:
- moderately to well differentiated grade
Immunohistochemistry:
- positive for cytokeratins
Posted in Esophagus
Tagged , Esophageal sqaumous cell carcinoma, Esophagus cancer, Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma
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Esophagus Polyps
Esophagus Polyps
• Inflammatory polyp
• Fibrovascular polyp
• Inflammatory fibroid polyp
• Epithelial lesions with polypoid appearance
• Submucosal lesions forming a polyp like structure
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Tagged , Esophageal polyps, Esophagus polyps, Fibrovascular polyp, Inflammatory fibroid polyp, Inflammatory polyp
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Esophagus High Grade Dysplasia
Esophagus High Grade Dysplasia
Nuclei:
- rounder
- more vesicular
- loose orientation to bm
- more stratified
Architecture:
- increase in complexity, busy looking
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Tagged , dysplasia, Esophagus High Grade Dysplasia, High grade dysplasia
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Esophagus Low Grade Dysplasia
Low Grade Dysplasia
Nuclei:
- cigar like, pencil like and skinny
- not so stratified
- perpendicular to long axis of basement membrane
Intramucosal Carcinoma
Intramucosal Carcinoma
- invasion into lamina propria only